The hormones given during hormone therapy may be given orally in tablet form, in patches, topical treatments, or via injections.
Hormone therapy can be a good solution for transgender people wanting to appear more like their identified gender. Male-to-female transgender people can take feminizing hormones like estrogen and progesterone to reduce body hair and grow breast tissue. Female-to-male transgender people may take testosterone and other hormones to lower their voices, grow more body hair, and increase muscle.
Transgender people may use hormone therapy in conjunction with gender affirming surgery or without surgery. Some people use hormone therapy as a stepping stone on their gender affirmation journey, while others are happy only using hormones and never have surgery.
Women struggling with the symptoms of menopause may take estrogen and progesterone to ease their problems. Taking these hormones can reduce or eliminate hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and painful sex.
Hormone therapy can carry some risks, including increasing the chance of developing uterine and breast cancers, heart disease, strokes, and blood clots. Health professionals must weigh up the risks with the potential benefits of hormone therapy.