Many couples use diligent tracking of ovulation to assist when they are trying to conceive. Couples who use the "rhythm method" or "fertility awareness" as their birth control also pay close attention to the female partner's ovulation.
More About Ovulation
Another part of ovulation is the thickening of the uterine lining which happens in preparation for the egg's arrival. If the egg does not become fertilized, the lining is then shed. This results in what we know as menstruation.